DEFINITION
DISCOURSE
Discourse is one of the four systems of language, the others being
vocabulary, grammar and phonology. Discourse has various definitions but one
way of thinking about it is as any piece of extended language, written or
spoken, that has unity and meaning and purpose. One possible way of
understanding 'extended' is as language that is more than one sentence.
Discourse is generally used to designate the forms of representation,
codes, conventions and habits of language that produce specific fields of
culturally and historically located meanings. Michel Foucault's early writings
('The Order of Discourse', 1971; The Archaeology of Knowledge, 1972) were
especially influential in this. Foucault's work gave the terms 'discursive
practices' and 'discursive formation' to the analysis of particular
institutions and their ways of establishing orders of truth, or what is
accepted as 'reality' in a given society.
(1) In linguistics,
discourse refers to a unit of language
longer than a single sentence.
(2) More broadly, discourse
is the use of spoken or written language in a social context.
Discourse is a conceptual generalization of conversation
within each modality and context of communication.
A discourse is an instance
of language use whose type can be classified on the basis of such factors as
grammatical and lexical choices and their distribution in
- main versus supportive materials
- theme
- style, and
- the framework of knowledge and expectations within which the addressee interprets the discourse.
0 komentar:
Posting Komentar